Tag Archives: research

August 31, 2025 · 9:00 am

A busy summer for Alzheimer’s research insights

There has been a lot of research on Alzheimer’s and dementia that has been released over the summer. I wrote about the POINTER study, which found that lifestyle interventions can have a positive impact on cognitive health.

A team from the Alzheimer’s Prevention Registry attended the 2025 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference in Toronto in July, where the POINTER findings were discussed among other promising research. The team shared their top takeaways from the conference.

One development that I’m excited about is blood biomarkers, which may facilitate the Alzheimer’s diagnostic process. Blood tests that can be performed on existing medical equipment and reduce the need for expensive and time-consuming PET scans could catch the disease in earlier stages, when current treatments on the market work the best.

Speaking of treatments, some researchers are taking seriously the increased risk of brain bleeds in the latest crop of Alzheimer’s drugs. Scientists are focusing on new technology that could deliver lower doses of drugs that can safely cross the blood-brain barrier. I’ve written about Leqembi, which has seen slow uptake despite being fully approved by the FDA. One of the concerning factors about the drug is the increased risk of brain swelling and bleeding. While the Alzheimer’s community is desperate for new and effective treatments, serious side effects shouldn’t be overlooked.

There’s also new research looking at the role of the immune system and gut microbiome in regards to Alzheimer’s risk. I will definitely be following developments in this area, as I believe that Alzheimer’s and other dementias are not merely brain diseases and require a holistic treatment approach.

Illustration created by Google Gemini.

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February 17, 2025 · 8:00 am

How common is it to receive a misdiagnosis of dementia?

A diagnosis of dementia can be devastating, but the damage of an incorrect diagnosis has its own fallout. But how common is it to receive either a false diagnosis of dementia or a misdiagnosis for a specific type of dementia? As those who have dealt with dementia, there are several different types, each with its own set of treatment protocols and expected disease progression.

A recent study conducted by Australian researchers looked specifically at the frequency of misdiagnosis of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), comparing the initial referral data to the final clinical diagnosis, according to SciTechDaily.

The study reviewed the records of 100 patients referred to a memory disorders clinic by specialists. Researchers found that 70 percent of patients initially suspected of having frontotemporal dementia (FTD) were ultimately misdiagnosed.

Insights from the study:

  • 34 patients were accurately diagnosed while 66 were false positive.
  • Researchers determined that misinterpretation of neuroimaging, specifically nuclear imaging, was the primary cause of misdiagnosis of FTD.
  • Cognitive testing also played a factor in misdiagnosis.
  • Patients who presented with prior psychiatric histories were more likely to be misdiagnosed with FTD.

The study was small and based upon cases at a single clinic, so it’s difficult to know how widespread the issue of misdiagnosing FTD is in other countries.

FTD has been in the news this past week due to the ongoing saga of media personality Wendy Williams, who is claiming she doesn’t have FTD after reportedly being diagnosed and assigned a court-appointed guardian. There has been an ongoing controversy about the continued need for the legal conservatorship, and Williams is speaking out, frustrated by the lack of control she now has over her finances and living arrangements. As the above study found in some of the cases it reviewed, it may be possible that Williams was misdiagnosed with FTD and instead experienced alcohol-induced dementia, related to her well-documented struggles with alcohol, or another form of mental illness which had gone untreated. I am not a medical professional, but it seems reasonable that a second opinion and additional testing should be conducted, if it hasn’t already been done. If a celebrity like Wendy Williams can find herself in such a challenging situation, think about regular people like the rest of us who don’t have such a public platform to ask for help.

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July 31, 2022 · 2:04 pm

What to make of the surprising findings in the new vitamin D study

Is there value in taking a daily vitamin D supplement? A large study funded by the federal government and published last week in The New England Journal of Medicine came to a surprising and definitive conclusion: there is no benefit for most people.

This was true even for reducing the risk of bone fractures, which is the specific area the study was examining. My mother was diagnosed with osteoporosis and was instructed by her doctor to take calcium with vitamin D daily, along with a weekly dose of Fosamax. The new study found that vitamin D supplements did not significantly reduce the risk of bone fractures.

I’ve always been skeptical of vitamins and most supplements. I remember in my twenties going to the doctor for an annual exam and being lectured about “dangerously low” vitamin D levels. The doctor was surprised I was still functioning normally with such low vitamin D levels. The doctor wanted me to come in for weekly injections. I declined. I’ve continued to function just fine. The new study points out that labs in the U.S. set the normal vitamin D level at a value that would make most people appear to be deficient.

Fast forward a couple of decades, and I have been taking calcium plus vitamin D supplements for the past several years. I don’t take a multivitamin or other supplements except for a probiotic. But because of my mother’s osteoporosis diagnosis and the fact that I’m lactose intolerant so I try to moderate my dairy intake, I figured it was a reasonable supplement to add to my regimen.

There is another reason I will continue to take calcium plus vitamin D, even though I remain skeptical of the benefits. The researchers of the new study found that people with certain conditions, such as celiac disease and Crohn’s disease, do benefit from vitamin D supplements. I have the genetic markers for celiac disease, and consider myself an undiagnosed case though I never did the biopsy that is the gold standard for diagnosis.

My guess is many doctors may shrug off the results of the new study and continue to recommend vitamin D supplements, as there is little risk of harm and there may be benefits. The massive, lucrative vitamin and supplement industry will no doubt agree. Consumers appreciate the convenience of a pill, but most would likely be better off focusing on eating a nutritious diet.

Photo by Michele Blackwell on Unsplash.

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June 25, 2022 · 3:02 pm

New survey shows need to increase Alzheimer’s awareness for American women

While it may seem unfathomable to those of us who have seen Alzheimer’s and other dementia touch the lives of our families, a new survey from the Cleveland Clinic suggests that the majority of American women may not be aware of their own risk for the disease.

In what researchers from the Women’s Alzheimer’s Movement (WAM) at Cleveland Clinic called a “startling fact,” 82 percent of women do not know they are at increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease, though two-thirds of cases are women. Only 12% of women who took the survey knew about a potential link between estrogen loss and Alzheimer’s, an area that the Cleveland Clinic is researching.

In other findings from the study, 73% of women have not had a discussion with their doctors about their cognitive health and 62% of women have not discussed menopause or perimenopause. The changes women experience during menopause can impact cognitive health, so it’s important for women to talk to their doctors to learn steps they can take to reduce their risk of dementia.

According to the study, two in five women have dealt with anxiety, depression and/or insomnia.

One not surprising finding from the study: 56 percent of women reported not getting enough sleep. We know that sleep quality can have a direct impact on cognitive health and there is research to suggest poor sleep quality during mid-life can increase one’s risk of dementia. A potential reason for the poor sleep? Over half of the women who took the survey said they cared for others.

While the results of the survey are concerning, researchers said the good news is that women are interested and motivated in learning more about ways they can maintain good cognitive health.

Image by geralt/Pixabay.

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March 5, 2022 · 1:18 pm

Studying blood vessels in the brain to develop targeted treatment for Alzheimer’s

Photo by American Public Power Association on Unsplash

There is more interesting research going on in the world of Alzheimer’s. Scientists are examining whether the brain’s infrastructure plays a role in a person’s risk of developing Alzheimer’s. A damaged vascular system in the brain could develop cognitive performance issues, akin to an aging power grid that struggles to deliver power to a city, according to the research discussed in this Stanford Medicine Scope blog post.

In looking at a genetic atlas of the brain, researchers found that the “majority of the top Alzheimer’s risk genes are significantly expressed in the [brain’s] vasculature.” If you want to do a deep dive into the research, take a look at the study published in Nature.

The new technology used to create a genetic atlas and the accompanying discoveries give Alzheimer’s researchers new avenues to explore. No cause and effect has been established yet between brain vascular damage and Alzheimer’s risk, but there will now be additional research conducted to examine this area.

What could this mean for potential treatment of Alzheimer’s disease down the road? According to the Tony Wyss-Coray, who runs the lab where the research was conducted, treatments that could target the brain’s vascular system may be more easily accessible as the blood-brain barrier presents a challenge when it comes to getting drugs into the brain.

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December 4, 2021 · 3:23 pm

New research finds potential cause of Alzheimer’s disease

A recent study from researchers at UC Riverside offers intriguing data that could lead to a better understanding of what causes Alzheimer’s disease.

Plaques and tangles in the brain have been a focus of Alzheimer’s researchers and some believe ridding the brain of the buildup will help in treating the disease. Approximately 20 percent of people have plaques detected in the brain, but do not develop dementia, prompting researchers to do a deeper investigation of the tau protein. Their results suggest that a specific presentation of the protein was linked to the development of dementia. The body has an automatic mechanism called autophagy to clear defective proteins from cells, but that process slows as we age, especially for those over the age of 65.

The researchers described the defective tau protein as “trying to put a right-handed glove on your left hand.”

If their preliminary research proves to be correct, there are drugs being tested to improve the autophagy process, which could potentially be used to treat Alzheimer’s disease.

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July 17, 2020 · 6:21 pm

New study on family caregiving yields suprising finding

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As a journalist, I am inundated with dozens of reports on new medical studies weekly. The number has only increased during the coronavirus pandemic. One caught my eye this week, because I saw outlets running cheery headlines that set off my BS detector.

One headline example: “Long thought to be damagingly stressful, family caregiving does no harm”

That is quite a proclamation! It is certainly news to the thousands of us who have been family caregivers and experienced mental, emotional, and physical side effects. As with most such overly optimistic headlines, I go to the originating source. In this case, it’s a Johns Hopkins study, Transition to Family Caregiving, which found that “caregivers didn’t have significantly greater inflammation over a nine-year period.”

Certainly this is a significant finding, and it is good news that family caregiving may not have long-term physical effects. My concern is the way such studies are promoted across social media, which could cause family caregivers who are struggling to doubt their own experiences.

Let me be clear that caregivers should always listen to their own body, no matter what a study proclaims. Family caregivers may experience a range of emotional, mental and physical side effects attributed to caregiving. This can include anxiety, anger, depression, burnout, insomnia and appetite issues, just to name several common ailments. While these periods of stress may not trigger a response that show up in an inflammation study, it doesn’t mean that your symptoms are not real.

Bottom line, studies are useful but you know your own body better than any researcher. Don’t let rosy headlines discourage you from seeking help if you are feeling overwhelmed by the duties of family caregiving.

That being said, for those who are anxious about the long-lasting impact of family caregiving on their health, this study may help ease worries. I have found that being a family caregiver can strengthen one’s resiliency, which is a positive in these challenging times.

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