
The World Cup has dominated the headlines over the last month and is set to wrap up over the next week. At the 2026 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, new research was shared that found some former soccer players have developed concerning changes in their brains in midlife. There’s no direct link established yet, but scientists are keen on conducting more research to determine if plays like headers, which involve hitting the ball with one’s head, increase the risk of brain issues later in life.
In the US, we are more aware of the dangers of playing American football and the damage that repeated concussions can have on the brain. Less research has been done on soccer, but that is now changing. In the latest study, 142 former professional soccer players from the UK were compared to a smaller control group who had not played contact sports or experienced repetitive head impacts. The study found “significantly higher symptoms of depression (31% in former soccer players vs 9% in control group), and anxiety (42% in former soccer players vs 25% for control group). The study also found that the former soccer players self-rated a worse “ability to plan, focus on and solve problems and manage daily tasks, compared to the control group.”
A review of brain scans of the 124 former soccer players found “lower gray matter volume in several brain regions, including frontal, cingulate and thalamic areas that play important roles in memory, attention, decision-making and emotional regulation, compared to controls.”
It should be noted that these findings are preliminary and will require following former players over time to prove any links with soccer play and brain health. The Alzheimer’s Association did note that other research shared at the conference “link greater heading exposure and longer soccer careers with biomarkers of neural injury, tau accumulation and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) risk.”
CTE risk for American football players has been studied more extensively. Just this past week, the family of the late Dallas Cowboys player Marshawn Kneeland shared that he was posthumously diagnosed with stage 1 CTE. Kneeland, who died by suicide in 2025, was just 24 years old, suggesting that brain health can be impacted at a much younger age than previously known. I wrote earlier this year about research that found former NFL players with the most advanced form of CTE had a four times increased odds for having dementia.
Understanding the impact that playing sports can have over a person’s lifetime is critical so we can develop safeguards to better protect the health of athletes while not taking away from the excitement of competitive sports.
Reminder: I’m participating in the Smashwords July Summer/Winter sale. Get my books, including the award-winning The Reluctant Caregiver, for half-off the normal price. The sale runs all month long.

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